Cuba’s 2nd city without power, water after Sandy

























HAVANA (AP) — Residents of Cuba‘s second-largest city of Santiago remained without power or running water Monday, four days after Hurricane Sandy made landfall as the island’s deadliest storm in seven years, ripping rooftops from homes and toppling power lines.


Across the Caribbean, the storm’s death toll rose to 69, including 52 people in Haiti, 11 in Cuba, two in the Bahamas, two in the Dominican Republic, one in Jamaica and one in Puerto Rico.





















Cuban authorities have not yet estimated the economic toll, but the Communist Party newspaper Granma reported there was “severe damage to housing, economic activity, fundamental public services and institutions of education, health and culture.”


Yolanda Tabio, a native of Santiago, said she had never seen anything like it in all her 64 years: Broken hotel and shop windows, trees blown over onto houses, people picking through piles of debris for a scrap of anything to cover their homes. On Sunday, she sought solace in faith.


“The Mass was packed. Everyone crying,” said Tabio, whose house had no electricity, intermittent phone service and only murky water coming out of the tap on Monday. “I think it will take five to ten years to recover. … But we’re alive.”


Sandy came onshore early Thursday just west of Santiago, a city of about 500,000 people in agricultural southeastern Cuba. It is the island’s deadliest storm since 2005′s Hurricane Dennis, a category 5 monster that killed 16 people and did $ 2.4 billion in damage. More than 130,000 homes were damaged by Sandy, including 15,400 that were destroyed, Granma said.


“It really shocked me to see all that has been destroyed and to know that for many people, it’s the effort of a whole lifetime,” said Maria Caridad Lopez, a media relations officer at the Roman Catholic Archdiocese in Santiago. “And it disappears in just three hours.”


Lopez said several churches in the area collapsed and nearly all suffered at least minor damage. That included the Santiago cathedral as well as one of the holiest sites in Cuba, the Sanctuary of the Virgin del Cobre. Sandy’s winds blew out its stained glass windows and damaged its massive doors.


“It’s indescribable,” said Berta Serguera, an 82-year-old retiree whose home withstood the tempest but whose patio and garden did not. “The trees have been shredded as if with a saw. My mango only has a few branches left, and they look like they were shaved.”


On Monday, sound trucks cruised the streets urging people to boil drinking water to prevent infectious disease. Soldiers worked to remove rubble and downed trees from the streets. Authorities set up radios and TVs in public spaces to keep people up to date on relief efforts, distributed chlorine to sterilize water and prioritized electrical service to strategic uses such as hospitals and bakeries.


Enrique Berdion, a 45-year-old doctor who lives in central Santiago, said his small apartment building did not suffer major damage but he had been without electricity, water or gas for days.


“This was something I’ve never seen, something extremely intense, that left Santiago destroyed. Most homes have no roofs. The winds razed the parks, toppled all the trees,” Berdion said by phone. “I think it will take years to recover.”


Raul Castro, who toured Cuba’s hardest-hit regions on Sunday, warned of a long road to recovery.


Granma said the president called on the country to urgently implement “temporary solutions,” and “undoubtedly the definitive solution will take years of work.”


Venezuela sent nearly 650 of tons of aid, including nonperishable food, potable water and heavy machinery both to Cuba and to nearby Haiti, which was not directly in the storm’s path but suffered flash floods across much of the country’s south.


Across the Caribbean, work crews were repairing downed power lines and cracked water pipes and making their way into rural communities marooned by impassable roads. The images were similar from eastern Jamaica to the northern Bahamas: Trees ripped from the ground, buildings swamped by floodwaters and houses missing roofs.


Fixing soggy homes may be a much quicker task than repairing the financial damage, and island governments were still assessing Sandy’s economic impact on farms, housing and infrastructure.


In tourism-dependent countries like Jamaica and the Bahamas, officials said popular resorts sustained only superficial damage, mostly to landscaping.


Haiti, where even minor storms can send water gushing down hills denuded of trees, listed a death toll of 52 as of Monday and officials said it could still rise. Prime Minister Laurent Lamothe has described the storm as a “disaster of major proportions.”


In Jamaica, where Sandy made landfall first on Wednesday as a Category 1 hurricane, people coped with lingering water and power outages with mostly good humor.


“Well, we mostly made it out all right. I thought it was going to be rougher, like it turned out for other places,” laborer Reginald Miller said as he waited for a minibus at a sunbaked Kingston intersection.


In parts of the Bahamas, the ocean surged into coastal buildings and deposited up to six feet of seawater. Sandy was blamed for two deaths on the archipelago off Florida’s east coast, including a British bank executive who fell off his roof while trying to fix a window shutter and an elderly man found dead beneath overturned furniture in his flooded, low-lying home.


___


Associated Press writers Anne-Marie Garcia in Havana, David McFadden in Kingston, Jamaica, and Jeff Todd in Nassau, Bahamas, contributed to this report.


___


Peter Orsi is on Twitter: www.twitter.com/Peter_Orsi


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Verizon Wireless to sell Nokia’s new Lumia smartphones

























HELSINKI (Reuters) – Verizon Wireless will begin selling Nokia‘s new Lumia smartphones this autumn, helping the Finnish company to fight back against Apple and Samsung in the United States


The Nokia Lumia 822, which will run on Microsoft‘s Windows Phone 8 software, will include an 8 megapixel camera and allow for wireless charging, Nokia said on Monday. No details on pricing or exact sale dates were available.





















AT&T will start selling Nokia’s high-end Lumia 820 and 920 phones in early November.


Once the world’s biggest mobile phone maker, the Finnish company has fallen far behind in the lucrative smartphone market, where Apple’s iPhone and Samsung’s Galaxy models dominate. The new Lumia line is key to Nokia’s hopes for recovery.


With its cash reserves falling, analysts have said that Nokia needs to show a turnaround in the next several months if it is to survive.


Microsoft is due to unveil its Windows Phone 8 software later on Monday.


(Reporting by Helsinki Newsroom; Editing by David Goodman)


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‘Anderson Live’ to end after 2 seasons

























LOS ANGELES (AP) — Anderson Cooper‘s daytime talk show will be wrapping after two seasons.


Warner Bros. said Monday that the marketplace made it increasingly difficult for “Anderson Live” to “break through” to viewers despite format changes.





















The show switched to live broadcasts in its second year but struggled to match the ratings performance of daytime frontrunners including “Ellen” and “Live! With Kelly and Michael.”


Newcomers, including Katie Couric, also made the talk show arena more competitive.


In a statement, Cooper said he was grateful to Warner’s Telepictures syndication arm for the opportunity and proud of his staff’s work.


Cooper, who remains host of CNN’s “Anderson Cooper 360,” will continue with “Anderson Live” through summer 2013, Warner said.


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Meningitis Outbreak Updates and Insights

























Physicians, health experts, and public health officials continue to grapple with the ongoing outbreak of fungal meningitis related to contaminated vials of an injectable steroid medication. Some nearly 14,000 people who may have been inadvertently exposed to the infection wait with bated breath to see if they, too, may develop the potentially life-threatening illness. In some ways, there is still more unknown than known about this infection, particularly: When will the potentially infected be safe from developing the actual infection of fungal meningitis?


Current Meningitis Outbreak Statistics





















The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports the current number of reported cases of fungal meningitis to be 354, in 19 states , with 25 deaths having resulted. The 18 states that have reported active cases of the non-contagious infection are: Michigan (82), Tennessee (74), Indiana (44), Virginia (43), Florida (22), Maryland (19), New Jersey (18), Ohio (13), New Hampshire (11), Minnesota (9), North Carolina (2), Georgia (1), Idaho (1), Illinois (1), New York (1), Pennsylvania (1), South Carolina (1) and Texas (1).


Seven of the 18 states, Tennessee, Michigan, Florida, Indiana, Virginia, Maryland and North Carolina, have had people who succumbed to the meningitis.


State and federal health officials are also monitoring fungal infections in peripheral joints such as knees, hips and elbows where injections provided directly into the joints may have contained contaminated material. To date, only Michigan and New Hampshire have reported these types of infections.


Doctors’ Ongoing Concerns


The Wall Street Journal reports that even as the meningitis outbreak has so far stretched into a four-week duration, doctors are still unsure as to what symptoms a person may present to indicate he is sick or even whether the antifungal medications that are being given to the ill patients are working.


Dr. Thomas Kerkering, section chief of infectious medicine at Carilion Roanoke Memorial Hospital, a man who has spent at least part of his career researching effective treatments for fungal infections, shared with the WSJ that he shares the same concerns as his fellow practitioners in determining what the next step should be, when discharge is appropriate, and what after-care should be planned.


Public health officials are also trying to make sense of the data collected from all the reported cases and will work with clinicians to find patterns that may lead to improved knowledge as each day passes.


Meningitis Outbreak as Seen via an Infectious Disease Doctor’s Eyes


Dr. Manoj Jain, an infectious disease specialist writing for Memphis Commercial Appeal, explained that the current meningitis outbreak provides an insight into the importance of the nation’s public health infrastructure and to learn ways to improve it. Going forward, Jain cites four main factors that would positively impact the public health system and the nation as a whole: 1) Have improved direct communication between health care providers and health departments, including lab systems and electronic medical records; 2) Improved enforcement of existing laws and guidelines related to potential infection sources; 3) Public reporting of all infections in hospitals and outpatient settings in all states; and 4) Increased taxpayer funding to ensure public health departments have the staff and updated equipment to deal with information, research and services.


Bottom Line


Even as the meningitis outbreak continues, it provides learning opportunities for the professionals who deal with it — perhaps with the potential to prevent such a situation from developing in the future.


Health News Headlines – Yahoo! News



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Stock, bond markets shut on Tuesday, may reopen Wed

























(Reuters) – Stock and bond markets will be closed on Tuesday, as Hurricane Sandy forced Wall Street to shut down trading for at least a second straight day.


NYSE Euronext and Nasdq OMX Group said they made their decision in consultation with industry executives and regulators, and intend to reopen Wednesday, conditions permitting.





















BATS Global Markets, the No. 3 U.S. stock exchange, also said it will be closed on Tuesday. BATS said it was monitoring the situation before providing an update on its Wednesday plans.


“It doesn’t make sense to put people in harm’s way or to only have half a market,” said Nicholas Colas, chief market strategist at ConvergEx Group in New York. “If just the electronic market was open, that wouldn’t provide enough interest, with everything else still closed.”


Bond markets, which closed at noon EDT on Monday, will not reopen on Tuesday, a trade group said.


The hurricane could cost NYSE Euronext , CME Group Inc and Nasdaq OMX Group nearly $ 6 million in trading revenue each full day that stocks and bond markets are closed, Sandler O’Neill analyst Richard Repetto said.


The U.S. stock exchanges’ closure on Monday for Hurricane Sandy came on the anniversary – October 29 – of the 1929 stock market crash.


Equities trading executives on Monday had pressed the stock exchanges to clearly communicate their plans to avoid a repeat of Sunday night. Market participants and regulators decided late on Sunday to shut the stock and options markets for the first time due to weather in 27 years, reversing an earlier plan to keep electronic trading going on Monday, leaving some people complaining about the confusion it caused.


The biggest problem with the New York Stock Exchange’s initial plan to trade exclusively over its ARCA electronic system was that the contingency plan that it had created in March had not been vetted by many brokerage firms, the sources said.


The decision on whether to keep markets closed on Tuesday comes as Hurricane Sandy began battering the U.S. East Coast on Monday with fierce winds and driving rain. The monster storm shut down transportation, shuttered businesses and sent thousands scrambling for higher ground hours before the worst was due to strike.


In New York, the mass transit system was shut down on Sunday evening, and many Wall Street employees were working from home, although major financial services firms were open for business at least with skeletal staff. Flooding is already hitting parts of Lower Manhattan and parts of New Jersey even before the storm makes landfall.


Financial companies that had flown executives into New York over the weekend for Monday meetings and conferences scrambled to find ways to keep them busy. One firm offered media interviews with portfolio managers stranded in New York after a conference they were attending was canceled.


LIKE HERDING CATS


The decision to close the stock and options market came on Sunday night after SIFMA, the Wall Street trade group, held a conference call around 11 p.m. to debate whether to close, said a brokerage executive, who requested anonymity because he is not allowed to speak to the media.


“It was like trying to corral cats,” the executive said.


Peter Kenny, managing director at Knight Capital in Jersey City, New Jersey, said the bigger financial institutions were willing to have staffing to stay open.


“The closer it got to midnight, the less sense it made to do it, because people were willing to do less and less,” he said. “Then we got a message that our building in Jersey City, the front doors are going to be sandbagged, so that effectively ended that.”


NYSE spokesman Richard Adamonis declined comment on friction with the brokerage community over the on-again, off-again decision to open trading during the storm.


“Through the storm, SIFMA has and will continue to work with a variety of market participants to ensure smooth market function,” spokeswoman Liz Pierce said in an email.


BONDS AND IPO PRICINGS


The securities industry would have preferred that bond markets had remained closed all day Monday, but the U.S. Treasury department had a bill auction scheduled that had to proceed, two people familiar with the situation said.


Most of the trading activity on Monday in bond markets was in money markets, according to a source at a large Wall Street bank.


Clients have been trying to quickly roll over debt that was coming due Monday and Tuesday in the small window they had this morning before markets close. There was very little to no activity in other markets, the source said.


The stock market‘s closure means that companies that were looking to go public may have to wait longer. Six initial public offerings currently scheduled to price later this week will likely have to be pushed back, equity capital markets sources said. They added that decisions were being made now between underwriters and the issuers.


“We can’t market some of these deals while no one is on the other side of the phone,” said one equity capital markets banker at a large Wall Street bank. Some deals may be pushed back to next week after the election, the source said.


A spokesperson for Restoration Hardware, the highest profile of the public offerings set to launch this week, could not be reached for a comment.


Radius Health, which was set to price its $ 61.8 million IPO later this week, is in a “wait-and-see mode,” said Chief Financial Officer Nick Harvey. “We haven’t made any decisions yet,” he added.


Equity futures continued to trade through Monday morning, closing at 9:15 a.m. EDT. CME Group Inc said it was closing its interest-rate futures trading as of noon EDT.


(Reporting by Jessica Toonkel, Chuck Mikolajczak, John McCrank, Jed Horowitz, Olivia Oran, Lauren Tara LaCapra, Jed Horowitz, Ann Saphir and Ryan Vlastelica; Writing by Rick Rothacker; Editing by David Gaffen, Paritosh Bansal, Lisa Von Ahn and Jan Paschal)


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More than ever, Barca more than club for Catalans

























BARCELONA, Spain (AP) — Nearly 20 minutes into the latest clash between Spain’s most popular football teams, Barcelona‘s 98,000-seat Camp Nou stadium erupted into a deafening roar. Tens of thousands of Catalans in the city at the heart of their separatist movement chanted in unison: “Independence!”


More than ever, FC Barcelona, known affectionately as Barca, is living up to its motto of being “more than a club” for this wealthy northeastern region where Spain’s economic crisis is fueling separatist sentiment.





















Lifelong Barca club member Enric Pujol was at Camp Nou for this month’s game against Real Madrid, the team of Spain’s capital. Wearing his burgundy-and-blue Barca jersey, Pujol also held one of the hundreds of pro-independence “estelada” flags, featuring a white star in a blue triangle, which bristled throughout the stands.


“It was a beautiful emotion to see Camp Nou like that,” said Pujol. “Barca is more than a club because of the values it transmits. It is linked to Catalan culture. In this sense it is a club and a social institution that acts like our flag.”


Barca has been seen as a bastion of Catalan identity dating back to the three decades of dictatorship when Catalans could not openly speak, teach or publish in their native Catalan language. Barcelona writer Manuel Vazquez Montalban famously called the football team “Catalonia‘s unarmed symbolic army.”


Barca-Real Madrid matches have a nickname: “el clasico” — the classic — and they are one of the world’s most-watched sporting events, seen by 400 million people in 30 countries. But local passions run high. In Spain, where football has deep political and cultural connotations, many see the clashes of Spain’s most successful teams as a proxy battle between wealthy Catalonia and the central government in Madrid. If Barca is a symbol of Catalan nationalism, Real Madrid is an emblem of a unified Spain.


“Look, the truth is that ever since the Civil War there has always been tension in Spain,” said Pujol. “Having traveled in Spain, they always look at us as Catalans.”


Ahead of kickoff before any “clasico,” Camp Nou traditionally greets Real Madrid players with a huge mosaic of Barcelona’s burgundy-and-blue made up of colored cards. This year, for the first time, they held up cards forming the red-and-yellow striped Catalan “senyera” flag — an explicit nationalist message. (Barca says it can neither confirm nor deny reports that its away uniform next season will be modeled on the senyera.)


Then came the crowd’s collective shout for independence at 1714 hours — in reference to the year 1714 when Barcelona fell to the troops of Philip V in the War of Spanish Succession. It was organized by a pro-independence group through social media.


Barca fan David Fort sees his team as a vehicle to show the world that Catalonia has its own language and culture, which is distinct from what he called the “bulls and flamenco” associated with Spain.


“We have this love for Barca because we have the chance to be represented around the world,” said Fort, a 38-year-old architect from the southern Catalan town of Tarragona. “When we travel and they ask me if I am Spanish, I say not exactly, but when I mention Barca they say ‘Ah! The Catalan team’, and of course since they are champions you feel proud.”


Barca, like every institution in Spain, was marked by the Spanish Civil War of the late 1930s and resulting right-wing dictatorship that ended after Franco’s death in 1975.


Franco’s soldiers killed Barca’s club president in 1936, and the club was forced to change its name from a Catalan to a Spanish version. And while Real Madrid was identified with the regime, Barca, for many, came to represent Catalan anti-fascist resistance.


“Under Franco, people could not shout ‘Long Live Catalonia!,’ but they could shout ‘Long Live Barca!’ (¡Visca Barca!)” in Catalan, said Ernest Folch, a newspaper columnist who writes about Barca for El Periodico. The chant became a kind of code for expressing Catalan pride.


“Barca is an anomaly. There is no other club with its particular history,” said Folch. “It survived the Franco dictatorship, and has always been a focal point for protest and ferment where sport has mixed with politics.”


And politics is a very hot topic these days in Catalonia.


Voters will go to the polls on Nov. 25 in regional elections sure to be judged as a litmus test of the strength of the pro-independence movement that brought 1.5 million people to the streets of Barcelona on Sept. 11 in the largest rally since the 1970s.


Catalonia is heavily in debt and has in fact asked Spain for a euros 5.9 billion ($ 75 billion) bailout. Even so, regional lawmakers voted on Sept. 27 to hold a referendum on self-determination at a date still to be determined. And although it is still unclear that a “Yes” vote would win, Spain’s central government has called such a referendum unconstitutional and will surely try to stop it from taking place.


That all puts Catalonia, and therefore Barca, in the midst of Spain’s struggles to deal with consequences of back-to-back recessions, 25 percent unemployment, and high public debt that has drawn it into the euro crisis along with already bailed-out Greece, Ireland and Portugal.


Barca’s appeal, of course, transcends its regional identity. The team is beloved throughout the world, and a poll last year found that it had displaced Real Madrid as Spain’s most popular team. Barca has 546 fan clubs in Catalonia, and 841 in the rest of Spain. Some of these fans— even in Catalonia — disagree with what they perceive as the political turn the club has taken in recent years.


“It’s surreal to talk to talk about these ideas related to independence,” said fan Jamie Easton, 27, a Spaniard born in Barcelona to a British father and a mother of Catalan descent. “Barca is a Catalan and Spanish club because Barcelona is part of Spain, and fans can feel however they want.”


The upswing in separatist sentiment in Catalonia has forced both the club and its players— many of whom form the backbone of Spain’s world champion national side — to try a difficult balancing act between supporting their most fervent pro-independence fans without alienating the millions of others who are not.


“We are Barca. We represent Catalonia and we will support whatever Catalans want,” said Barca and Spain midfielder Xavi Hernandez. But he added: “We try to isolate ourselves from everything outside the game. We know the political issue is there, and the people have the right to express themselves however they wish, but we are here to play football and make sure people have fun.”


The glaring exception to the moderate tone is former coach Pep Guardiola, a hugely popular figure in Catalonia, who appeared in a video during the Sept. 11 march saying: “Here you have my vote for independence.”


Two weeks after the politically charged “clasico,” Barca president Sandro Rosell made his first official visit to southern Spain to cool tensions at a meeting of Barca fan clubs.


“I don’t know what information you are receiving here, but I preferred to come here and say on behalf of the club that Barca will never get mixed up in political issues,” Rosell told the 1,000 Spanish fans, promising that Barca would never display a mosaic of the separatist “estelada” flag at Camp Nou.


“This doesn’t mean that this isn’t a Catalan club and that of course we will defend our roots and origins, but one thing shouldn’t be mixed with the other. One thing is politics and the other is identity. Barca unites us all.”


___


AP Writer Jorge Sainz contributed to this report from Madrid.


Europe News Headlines – Yahoo! News



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SAP eyes “long” period of high sales growth: report

























BERLIN (Reuters) – Germany‘s SAP may be able to sustain high sales from software and related services for a “very long time,” co-chief executive Bill McDermott told a German newspaper.


“It’s our ambition to grow with double-digit numbers for a very long time to come,” Euro am Sonntag quoted McDermott as saying in an interview published on Sunday.





















“I believe that’s possible.”


The newspaper also cited the co-CEO as saying SAP currently has no plans for further acquisitions following the purchases of cloud-computing company Ariba and Success Factors.


(Reporting By Andreas Cremer; Editing by Hans-Juergen Peters)


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Reports: UK police arrest Gary Glitter

























LONDON (AP) — The sex abuse scandal surrounding the late BBC children’s television host Jimmy Savile widened on Sunday as police arrested former glam rock star and convicted sex offender Gary Glitter in connection with the case, British media said.


Police would not directly identify the suspect arrested Sunday, but media including the BBC and Press Association reported he was the 68-year-old Glitter.





















The musician made it big with the crowd-pleasing hit “Rock & Roll (Part 2),” a mostly instrumental anthem that has been a staple at American sporting events thanks to its catchy “hey” chorus. But he fell into disgrace after being convicted on child abuse charges in Britain and Vietnam.


On Sunday, the BBC and Sky News showed footage of Glitter, who wore a hat, a dark coat and sunglasses, being taken from his home by officers and driven away.


British police do not generally identify suspects under arrest by name until they are charged. When asked about Glitter, a spokesman said only that the force arrested a man in his 60s early Sunday morning in London on suspicion of sexual offenses in connection with the Savile probe. He remains in custody in a London police station, police said.


Hundreds of potential victims have come forward since police began their investigation into sex abuse allegations against Savile, the longtime host of popular shows “Top of the Pops” and “Jim’ll Fix It” who died at age 84 last year. Most allege abuse by Savile, but some said they were abused by Savile and others.


Glitter is the first suspect to be arrested in the scandal, which has raised questions about whether the BBC turned a blind eye to the alleged sexual crimes. It was not immediately clear if Glitter, whose real name is Paul Gadd, and Savile knew each other.


Glitter rose to fame in the 1970s with a string of U.K. hits and his look of shiny jumpsuits, silver platform shoes and bouffant wigs, but his music has often been shunned since his abuse convictions. In 2006, the NFL advised its football teams not to use the Glitter version of “Rock and Roll (Part 2)” at games.


Glitter was jailed in Britain in 1999 for possessing child pornography, and convicted in 2006 in Vietnam of committing “obscene acts with children” — offenses involving girls aged 10 and 11. He was deported back to Britain in 2008.


Police have said that though the majority of cases it is investigating related to Savile alone, some involved the entertainer and other, unidentified suspects. In addition, some potential victims who reported abuse by Savile also told police about separate allegations against unidentified men that did not involve the BBC host.


The scandal has horrified Britain with revelations that Savile cajoled and coerced vulnerable teens into having sex with him in his car, in his camper van, and even in dingy dressing rooms on BBC premises.


One witness told the BBC that she once saw Glitter having sex with a schoolgirl in Savile’s dressing room at the broadcaster’s TV center in the 1970s. Glitter has denied the allegations.


On Sunday, the chairman of the BBC Trust said he was committed to finding out the true scale of the scandal to save the broadcaster’s reputation.


“Can it really be the case that no one knew what he was doing? Did some turn a blind eye to criminality? Did some prefer not to follow up their suspicions because of this criminal’s popularity and place in the schedules?” Chris Patten wrote in The Mail on Sunday.


The BBC has set up an independent inquiry into the corporation’s culture and practices in the years Savile worked there. It also launched a separate inquiry into whether its journalists dropped an investigation into the allegations.


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New test to improve HIV diagnosis in poor countries

























LONDON (Reuters) – Scientists have come up with a test for the virus that causes AIDS that is ten times more sensitive and a fraction of the cost of existing methods, offering the promise of better diagnosis and treatment in the developing world.


The test uses nanotechnology to give a result that can be seen with the naked eye by turning a sample red or blue, according to research from scientists at Imperial College in London published in the journal Nature Nanotechnology.





















“Our approach affords for improved sensitivity, does not require sophisticated instrumentation and it is ten times cheaper,” Molly Stevens, who led the research, told Reuters.


Simple and quick HIV tests that analyze saliva already exist but they can only pick up the virus when it reaches relatively high concentrations in the body.


“We would be able to detect infection even in those cases where previous methods, such as the saliva test, were rendering a ‘false negative’ because the viral load was too low to be detected,” she said.


The test could also be reconfigured to detect other diseases, such as sepsis, Leishmaniasis, Tuberculosis and malaria, Stevens said.


Testing is not only crucial in picking up the HIV virus early but also for monitoring the effectiveness of treatments.


“Unfortunately, the existing gold standard detection methods can be too expensive to be implemented in parts of the world where resources are scarce,” Stevens said.


According to 2010 data from the World Health Organisation, about 23 million people living with HIV are in Sub-Saharan Africa out of a worldwide total of 34 million.


The virus is also spreading faster and killing more people in this part of the world. Sub-Saharan Arica accounted for 1.9 million new cases out of a global total of 2.7 million in the same year, and 1.2 million out of the 1.8 million deaths.


The new sensor works by testing serum, a clear watery fluid derived from blood samples, in a disposable container for the presence of an HIV biomarker called p24.


If p24 is present, even in minute concentrations, it causes the tiny gold nanoparticles to clump together in an irregular pattern that turns the solution blue. A negative result separates them into ball shapes that generate a red color.


The researchers also used the test to pick up the biomarker for Prostate Cancer called Prostate Specific Antigen, which was the target of previous work that Stevens did with collaborators at University of Vigo in Spain.


That sensor used tiny gold stars laden with antibodies that latched onto the marker in a sample and produced a silver coating that could be detected with microscopes.


Stevens and her collaborator on the new test, Roberto de la Rica, said they plan to approach not-for-profit global health organizations to help them manufacture and distribute the new sensor in low income countries.


(Editing by Jason Webb)


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In China, a ‘Golden Rice Bowl’ For Civil Service

























Paper-pushing for low pay? That’s not how most Chinese view employment in the country’s civil service, touted as the “golden rice bowl” for the lifetime of cushy benefits it provides. By the evening of Oct. 24, the closing of the application period, some 1.6 million people were expected to have registered to take the upcoming November civil service test, setting a new record.


The applicants are hoping to fill one of just 20,800 or so jobs for next year, almost 3,000 more than offered this year, meaning only a little over 1 percent will nab a much-coveted position as a civil servant. “Government jobs are the best. They provide money and stability,” says Liu Kaiming, a labor expert in Shenzhen.





















Many of the candidates are aiming for employment in the customs and taxation bureaus, which make up the largest number of jobs in China’s 7 million-strong civil service. Test applicants are required to list their top choice for employment, usually followed by two backup selections.


Other government agencies offering positions include China’s food and drug safety administration, the central commission for discipline inspection, China’s corruption-fighting body, and the meteorological agency. All told, 140 state and local agencies are looking to fill positions. A slowing economy that has made it harder for 6 million recent college graduates to get jobs is also driving interest.


The most competitive position of all: a job with the Chongqing branch of the national statistics bureau, with more than 9,400 applying for one slot. That’s in part because the post, as reported by Xinhua News Agency on Oct. 24, requires only a college degree, according to Li Yongxin, president of Zhonggong Education, a test training company.


Less popular are jobs with such departments as China’s Office of State Flood Control and Drought Relief. That position requires regular travel to disaster sites and is “bitter and better suited to a man,” said one agency advertisement, according to Xinhua.


Although the jobs don’t usually pay as much as the private sector, they provide other attractive benefits. Competition to get a hukou—or household registration permit—that allows one to live and work in China’s top cities, is driving demand for civil service jobs. Government agencies provide the key documentation that allows their workers full urban residency, including generous social welfare benefits, access to subsidized medical care, and the right to buy an apartment.


Another key lure: These jobs are usually lifetime sinecures, with employees dismissed only for gross negligence. Also appealing is a generous pension program. Civil servant pensions typically amount to as much as 90 percent of a retiring worker’s salary and don’t require employees to contribute any funds. By contrast, those who don’t work for the government get pensions that average 42 percent of salaries and have to contribute 8 percent of every paycheck.


“Turnover is high in the China labor market and there aren’t a lot of benefits,” says Wang Kan, a professor at the China Institute of Industrial Relations in Beijing. “But for civil servants there is stability and lots of benefits—the government takes care of their employees.”


Also perhaps appealing are opportunities for graft. On Oct. 24, China’s Ministry of Supervision announced that more than 15,000 civil servants have been investigated for corruption, involving $ 3.6 billion, over the past five years. “While self-discipline is important, the state should work more on building a system that makes it impossible for officials to monetize the power entrusted to them,” wrote columnist Wan Lixin in the Shanghai Daily on Oct. 26. “If you have power, you can get money,” says labor expert Liu.


Despite the attractions, aboveboard or illegitimate, 146 civil servant positions had no applicants, reported Xinhua. Those hardest to fill are usually positions in lower levels of government, often in China’s more remote regions, which are less attractive to young Chinese.


“China also encourages more college graduates to work at government posts at or below county level,” said China’s Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security spokesman Yin Chengji on Oct. 24 at a Beijing press conference. To help fill those spots, around 12 percent of total positions will be reserved for college graduates willing to take posts as village officials, he added.


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